The added value of the present study also lies in the fact that the Chinese population has been characterized by significant mobility outside the country’s borders after the implementation of open policy by Deng Xiao Ping, since the UN data reveal a doubling of the Chinese migrant stock from five to about ten million people between 19 (UN-DESA, Population Division, 2017). The applied gravity model aims also to provide novel empirical evidence since it refers to a long period of time (1995-2017) where significant changes take place, including China’s strategic shift to international trade and the rapid growth of the country’s export sector, along with the WTO accession in 2001. The main purpose of this paper is to enrich the relevant literature which examines the relationship between trade and migratory flows originating from the exporter countries. However, this evolution does not radically change the distribution of the Chinese migrant stock at the international level, taking into account that about the half of the total population of the overseas Chinese remains in Asia, while another one third is located on the American continent (UN-DESA, Population Division, 2017). This development led to the quadrupling of the Chinese migrant stock in Oceania, as well as a threefold increase of the corresponding population on the European continent between 19, according to the UN data. As for the more recent period, the study of data on international migrant stock reveals a comparatively stronger increase of the overseas Chinese population in Oceania and Europe. The period of colonization in the 19th century was at the same time the starting point of the most important migratory flows outside the Chinese territory. From the export side, China’s high rates of export growth seem to have narrowed as well in recent years, showing signs of a possible upcoming stabilization.Īmong the factors lying behind the enhancement of bilateral trade between countries, the literature often refers to the role of migrant networks in facilitating the market penetration of products originating from the migrants’ country of origin. China is nowadays a trading partner of almost all countries worldwide and one of two major international trading powers, along with the United States of America, although the latest developments reveal an ongoing shift to a growth model which would be less dependent on intensive import demand (Kang and Liao, 2016 Lardy, 2016). The country’s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in December 2001 comes ten years after joining the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum (APEC, 1991). The opening of the People’s Republic of China to the international trade has been marked by the shift in the national economic policy starting from the 1980s, as well as the establishment of special economic zones (SEZ) in the eastern coastal regions of the country in the 1990s.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |